HORMUZ

HORMUZ
HORMUZ (Ormuz), an island in the Persian Gulf, commanding the trade route from Europe to India and the Far East, captured by the Portuguese in 1507. From the 16th century on, Hebrew and European sources attest the existence of a Jewish community. The 16th-century Yemenite Jewish traveler zechariah al-dahiri describes in his Sefer ha-Musar the six months he spent in Hormuz. In 1549, the Jesuit missionary Gaspar Barzaeus stayed two years in Hormuz; he found there a well-organized Jewish community of 200 families composed of immigrants from Portugal, Spain, Mesopotamia, Egypt, and other countries, who enjoyed great prosperity as silk merchants, horse traders, and moneylenders. The two rabbis, Solomon and Joseph, allowed Barzaeus to deliver a sermon in the synagogue in 1549, but his mission to convert the Jews was a failure. In 1572 the Portuguese authorities sent Samuel Jacar of Hormuz with dispatches to the Holy Roman Emperor. Hormuz attracted many refugees from Spain and Portugal in the 16th century, some en route for goa . The Inquisition in Goa, established in 1560, tried to stop the flow of Jews to Hormuz and thence to India and from 1567 on issued many unsuccessful decrees to this effect. The Jewish community came to an end with the joint Persian-English attack in 1622 which led to the decline of Hormuz; many Jews transferred to the Persian mainland, especially to Bandar Abbas and Band-e Kong. -BIBLIOGRAPHY: W.J. Fischel, in: JQR, 40 (1949/50), 379–99; idem, in: Alexander Marx Jubilee Volume (1950), 203–30; C. Roth, Venice (1930), 166. (Walter Joseph Fischel)

Encyclopedia Judaica. 1971.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Hormuz — is distorted from the Persian Ohrmuzd , meaning Ahura Mazda . It can refer to:* The Strait of Hormuz in the Persian Gulf. * Hormoz Island, part of Iran. * The Kingdom of Ormus …   Wikipedia

  • Hormuz — Hormuz, so v.w. Homisdas 2)–5) …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Hormûz — Hormûz, pers. Insel, s. Ormus …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

  • Hormuz — → Ormuz …   Diccionario panhispánico de dudas

  • Hormuz — [hôr mo͞oz′, hôr′məz] Strait of strait joining the Persian Gulf & the Gulf of Oman, between Arabia & Iran …   English World dictionary

  • Hormuz — /hawr moohz , hawr muz/, n. Strait of, a strait between Iran and the United Arab Emirates, connecting the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. Also, Ormuz. * * * ▪ island, Iran Persian  Jazīreh ye Hormoz,  also called  Ormuz,         mostly barren …   Universalium

  • Hormuz — or Ormuz geographical name ancient town S Iran on Strait of Hormuz (strait connecting Persian Gulf & Gulf of Oman) …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • Hormuz Island — is an Iranian island in the Persian Gulf, it is located in the straits of Hormuz and is part of the Hormozgān Province. It has an area of 42 km² which equals 16 square miles. Hormuz Island was once land of the Portugese Empire. There is a… …   Wikipedia

  • Hormuz (Insel) — Hormus Chezr Bucht Gewässer Persischer Golf Geographische Lage …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Hormuz, Strait of — formerly Strait of Ormuz Channel linking the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea. It is 35–60 mi (55–95 km) wide and separates Iran from the Arabian Peninsula. It contains the islands of Qeshm, Hormoz, and Hengām and is… …   Universalium

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”